Thermodynamics Calculators for Gas & Heat Laws

Liquid Water: Density is highest at approximately 4°C and decreases as temperature increases. Pressure has a relatively small effect on liquid density.
Steam/Vapor: Density is highly dependent on both temperature and pressure, behaving more like a gas.

Advanced Thermodynamics Calculator

Select the type of thermodynamic calculation you wish to perform from the dropdown menu.
Another dropdown will appear. Choose the specific variable you want to solve for.
The required input fields will appear. Fill in all values using a consistent set of units. The Ideal Gas Constant (R) is provided.
Click the "Calculate" button.
The result will be displayed. Click "Show Details" for a full breakdown of the formulas, theory, and step-by-step calculations.

Select Calculation Type:

Variable to Solve For:

Ideal Gas Constant R = 8.314 J/(mol·K) is used. Ensure units match.

Variable to Solve For:

Temperature [°C]: Pressure [bar absolute]: