Laser Brightness (Irradiance) Calculator Calculator Instructions Theory & Formulas Laser Power (P): mW (milliwatts) W (watts) Initial Beam Diameter at Aperture (D₀): Enter diameter in millimeters (mm). Full Angle Beam

Relativistic Kinetic Energy Calculator Understanding Relativistic Kinetic Energy Classical physics, described by Newton's laws, provides a formula for kinetic energy (KE = 0.5mv2) that works well for objects moving at

Interactive Laser Beam Divergence Calculator How to Use This Calculator This calculator determines the divergence angle, Rayleigh range, and spot size at a distance for a laser beam. Enter the

Advanced Interactive Kinetic Energy Calculator Theory & Formulas: Kinetic Energy Kinetic Energy (KE) is the energy that an object possesses due to its motion. It is a scalar quantity, meaning