Interactive Laser Beam Divergence Calculator How to Use This Calculator This calculator determines the divergence angle, Rayleigh range, and spot size at a distance for a laser beam. Enter the

E = mc2 Calculator Mass-Energy Equivalence Converter Solve for Energy (E) Solve for Mass (m) Solve for c Energy (E) Joules (J) Kilojoules (kJ) Kilowatt-hours (kWh) Mega-electron Volts (MeV) Mass

Length Contraction Calculator Introduction to Length Contraction Length Contraction is a phenomenon predicted by Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity. It describes how the length of an object, when measured

Electron Speed Calculator Classical vs. Relativistic Speeds from Kinetic Energy Introduction This calculator determines the speed of an electron given its kinetic energy (KE). It provides results from two perspectives: