Interactive Diffraction Grating Calculator How to Use This Calculator This calculator uses the diffraction grating equation (d sinθ = mλ) to determine parameters related to light diffraction. Select which variable

Interactive Bragg's Law Calculator How to Use This Calculator This calculator uses Bragg's Law (nλ = 2d sinθ) to determine parameters related to X-ray diffraction from crystal lattices. Select which

Interactive Laser Beam Divergence Calculator How to Use This Calculator This calculator determines the divergence angle, Rayleigh range, and spot size at a distance for a laser beam. Enter the

E = mc2 Calculator Mass-Energy Equivalence Converter Solve for Energy (E) Solve for Mass (m) Solve for c Energy (E) Joules (J) Kilojoules (kJ) Kilowatt-hours (kWh) Mega-electron Volts (MeV) Mass